一些强大的Vim插件


除了一些常用的插件比如ctags,taglist,bufexplorer,winmamager之外,这里介绍一些很强大的插件。

1.Vundle Github主页,一个强大的插件管理器

###Vundle可以:

1.在Vimrc文件里跟踪和配置你的插件

2.只需敲一条命令就可以安装、更新、搜索、清除插件

###安装Vundle

$ git clone https://github.com/gmarik/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

配置Vundle插件:

    set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
    filetype off                  " required
    
    " set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
    set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
    call vundle#begin()
    " alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
    "call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')
    "在下面添加你需要安装的插件
    " let Vundle manage Vundle, required
    Plugin 'gmarik/Vundle.vim'
    
    " The following are examples of different formats supported.
    " Keep Plugin commands between vundle#begin/end.
    "在Github仓库的插件
    Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
    " http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html网站上的插件直接写插件名称
    Plugin 'L9'
    " Git plugin not hosted on GitHub
    Plugin 'git://git.wincent.com/command-t.git'
    " 本机目录下的插件
    Plugin 'file:///home/gmarik/path/to/plugin'
    " The sparkup vim script is in a subdirectory of this repo called vim.
    " Pass the path to set the runtimepath properly.
    Plugin 'rstacruz/sparkup', {'rtp': 'vim/'}
    " Avoid a name conflict with L9
    Plugin 'user/L9', {'name': 'newL9'}
    
    " 所有的插件需要在这一行之前添加
    call vundle#end()            " required
    filetype plugin indent on    " required
    " To ignore plugin indent changes, instead use:
    "filetype plugin on
    

###如何使用Vundle

    " Brief help
    " :PluginList       - lists configured plugins
    " :PluginInstall    - installs plugins; append `!` to update or just :PluginUpdate
    " :PluginSearch foo - searches for foo; append `!` to refresh local cache
    " :PluginClean      - confirms removal of unused plugins; append `!` to auto-approve removal

    " 使用:h vundle 显示帮助文档

      

2.neocomplete github主页,一个比VIm自带补全更强大的自动补全插件,支持更多的特性。

###安装

确保你的系统安装了下列之一:

  • vim-nox
  • vim-gtk
  • vim-gnome
  • vim-athena

然后再Vundle中添加一句:Plugin ‘Shougo/neocomplete.vim’,重新打开Vim就自动安装了

###ScreenShots

###配置

        "Note: This option must set it in .vimrc(_vimrc).  NOT IN .gvimrc(_gvimrc)!
        " Disable AutoComplPop.
        let g:acp_enableAtStartup = 0
        " Use neocomplete.
        let g:neocomplete#enable_at_startup = 1
        " Use smartcase.
        let g:neocomplete#enable_smart_case = 1
        " Set minimum syntax keyword length.
        let g:neocomplete#sources#syntax#min_keyword_length = 3
        let g:neocomplete#lock_buffer_name_pattern = '\*ku\*'
        
        " Define dictionary.
        let g:neocomplete#sources#dictionary#dictionaries = {
            \ 'default' : '',
            \ 'vimshell' : $HOME.'/.vimshell_hist',
            \ 'scheme' : $HOME.'/.gosh_completions'
                \ }
        
        " Define keyword.
        if !exists('g:neocomplete#keyword_patterns')
            let g:neocomplete#keyword_patterns = {}
        endif
        let g:neocomplete#keyword_patterns['default'] = '\h\w*'
        
        " Plugin key-mappings.
        inoremap <expr><C-g>     neocomplete#undo_completion()
        inoremap <expr><C-l>     neocomplete#complete_common_string()
        
        " Recommended key-mappings.
        " <CR>: close popup and save indent.
        inoremap <silent> <CR> <C-r>=<SID>my_cr_function()<CR>
        function! s:my_cr_function()
          return neocomplete#close_popup() . "\<CR>"
          " For no inserting <CR> key.
          "return pumvisible() ? neocomplete#close_popup() : "\<CR>"
        endfunction
        " <TAB>: completion.
        inoremap <expr><TAB>  pumvisible() ? "\<C-n>" : "\<TAB>"
        " <C-h>, <BS>: close popup and delete backword char.
        inoremap <expr><C-h> neocomplete#smart_close_popup()."\<C-h>"
        inoremap <expr><BS> neocomplete#smart_close_popup()."\<C-h>"
        inoremap <expr><C-y>  neocomplete#close_popup()
        inoremap <expr><C-e>  neocomplete#cancel_popup()
        " Close popup by <Space>.
        "inoremap <expr><Space> pumvisible() ? neocomplete#close_popup() : "\<Space>"
        
        " For cursor moving in insert mode(Not recommended)
        "inoremap <expr><Left>  neocomplete#close_popup() . "\<Left>"
        "inoremap <expr><Right> neocomplete#close_popup() . "\<Right>"
        "inoremap <expr><Up>    neocomplete#close_popup() . "\<Up>"
        "inoremap <expr><Down>  neocomplete#close_popup() . "\<Down>"
        " Or set this.
        "let g:neocomplete#enable_cursor_hold_i = 1
        " Or set this.
        "let g:neocomplete#enable_insert_char_pre = 1
        
        " AutoComplPop like behavior.
        "let g:neocomplete#enable_auto_select = 1
        
        " Shell like behavior(not recommended).
        "set completeopt+=longest
        "let g:neocomplete#enable_auto_select = 1
        "let g:neocomplete#disable_auto_complete = 1
        "inoremap <expr><TAB>  pumvisible() ? "\<Down>" : "\<C-x>\<C-u>"
        
        " Enable omni completion.
        autocmd FileType css setlocal omnifunc=csscomplete#CompleteCSS
        autocmd FileType html,markdown setlocal omnifunc=htmlcomplete#CompleteTags
        autocmd FileType javascript setlocal omnifunc=javascriptcomplete#CompleteJS
        autocmd FileType python setlocal omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete
        autocmd FileType xml setlocal omnifunc=xmlcomplete#CompleteTags
        
        " Enable heavy omni completion.
        if !exists('g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns')
          let g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns = {}
        endif
        "let g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns.php = '[^. \t]->\h\w*\|\h\w*::'
        "let g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns.c = '[^.[:digit:] *\t]\%(\.\|->\)'
        "let g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns.cpp = '[^.[:digit:] *\t]\%(\.\|->\)\|\h\w*::'
        
        " For perlomni.vim setting.
        " https://github.com/c9s/perlomni.vim
        let g:neocomplete#sources#omni#input_patterns.perl = '\h\w*->\h\w*\|\h\w*::'
         

3.CtrlP插件 github主页

快速查找文件、缓冲区、tag的Vim插件,可以同时打开多个文件,创建文件和目录

基本操作:

在Vim中按下Ctrl+p打开Ctrlp插件
<c-d>在路径搜索和文件名搜索之间切换
 <c-r>在字符串搜索和正则表达式搜索中切换
<c-f>和<c-b>forward和backward,搜索结果在不同搜索模式中切换
<c-j><c-k>在结果中切换
<c-n><c-p>在搜索历史中切换
<c-t>在新Tab中打开选中的文件
<c-v>在垂直分屏中打开选中的文件
<c-s>在水平分屏中打开选中的文件
<c-y>创建新的文件和目录
<c-z>标记将要打开的文件
<c-o>打开被<c-z>标记的文件

4surround github主页

大多数编程语言的语法都用到了配对符号surrounding: (), [], {}, <>, ‘’, “”,标记语言xml html 等更是完全依赖与这种语法。正常输入时,所有的编辑器都能胜任,大部分会在你输入一个括号时帮你补全另一半。vim 也有这样的插件auto-pair, 但是这个不是重点,真正的难题是当你需要为已一些存在的代码加上括号,删除一对括号但保留其中的内容,或者把一对()改成[]。

使用surround,你将很容易添加和修改配对符号,比如:

	     Old text                  Command		 New text ~
      "Hello *world!"				 ds"         Hello world!
      [123+4*56]/2					cs])        (123+456)/2
      "Look ma, I'm *HTML!"			cs"<q>      <q>Look ma, I'm HTML!</q>
      if *x>3 {						ysW(        if ( x>3 ) {
      my $str = *whee!;				vlllls'     my $str = 'whee!';
      <div>Yo!*</div>				dst         Yo!
      <div>Yo!*</div>				cst<p>      <p>Yo!</p>
          

上面*代表当前光标位置,添加替换时使用后半括号)]},添加的括号和内容间就没有空格(如第2个示例),反之会在内容前后添加一个空格(如第4个实例)。第6个示例中的t代表一对HTML或者xml tag。其他表示范围的符号:w代表word, W代表WORD(被空格分开的连续的字符窜),p代表paragraph。

###命令列表

        Normal mode
    -----------
    ds  - delete a surrounding
    cs  - change a surrounding
    ys  - add a surrounding
    yS  - add a surrounding and place the surrounded text on a new line + indent it
    yss - add a surrounding to the whole line
    ySs - add a surrounding to the whole line, place it on a new line + indent it
    ySS - same as ySs
    
    Visual mode
    -----------
    s   - in visual mode, add a surrounding
    S   - in visual mode, add a surrounding but place text on new line + indent it
    
    Insert mode
    -----------
    <CTRL-s> - in insert mode, add a surrounding
    <CTRL-s><CTRL-s> - in insert mode, add a new line + surrounding + indent
    <CTRL-g>s - same as <CTRL-s>
    <CTRL-g>S - same as <CTRL-s><CTRL-s>
    

5.syntastic githun主页

来看一下官方给的图片:

  • 图片很清楚的介绍了插件功能:
  • 用location list 列出所有错误。
  • 命令行窗口显示当前错误。
  • 错误标记,有警告和错误。
  • 鼠标悬停可以出现错误提示框
  • 状态栏标记。

###配置

当然也可以做一些简单的配置,比如设置为每次打开buffer就执行语法检查,而不只是在保存时: let g:syntastic_check_on_open = 1 如果想使用多个检查器,可以这样写: let g:syntastic_php_checkers = [‘php’, ‘phpcs’, ‘phpmd’]

###错误跳转

syntastic使用location list来显示所有的错误,location list和quificfix 类似,包含了位置信息。 调起这个location list :Errors 或者 :lopen 使用:lne[xt]和:lp[revious]就可以在错误间跳转。当然,如果用的多,可以做个mapping,更多内容可以参考帮助文档:help syntastic.

6.fugitivegithub主页

If you don’t know GIT, learn it right now!If you use GIT and VIM, use Fugitive right now!

fugitive.vim插件是由Tim Pope创建的VIM插件。该插件与命令行git工具相辅相成,可以无缝的插入到工作流程中。

在VIM的命令行中,%符号具有特殊的含义:他将扩展为当前文件的全路径。可以使用该命令来运行使用文件名作为参数的任意git命令,从而使得命令作用于当前的文件。但是fugitive也提供了一些便利的方法,其中的一些总结如下:

      git	             fugitive	      action
    :Git add %	        :Gwrite  	     Stage the current file to the index
    :Git checkout %	    :Gread	         Revert current file to last checked in version
    :Git rm %	        :Gremove	     Delete the current file and the corresponding Vim buffer
    :Git mv %	        :Gmove	         Rename the current file and the corresponding Vim buffer
     


本作品由 Lippi.OuYang 创作,采用 CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 许可协议 进行许可。

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